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401 UCB
2450 Kittredge Loop Drive
Wolf Law Building
Boulder, CO 80309
Office: 412
Phone: (303) 492-5751
E-mail: helen.norton@colorado.edu
Curriculum Vitae: View (PDF format)
Educational Background: | |||
J.D. | University of California at Berkeley | 1989 | |
B.A. | Stanford University | 1986 | with Distinction |
Published Books
The Government's Speech and the Constitution, Cambridge University Press (2019). |
Professional Publications
Manipulation and the First Amendment, 30 Wm. & Mary Bill Rts. J. (forthcoming 2021). |
Free Speech and Democracy: A Primer for 21st-Century Reformers, 54 U.C. Davis L. Rev. (2021) (with Toni M. Massaro). |
Discrimination, The Speech That Enables It, and the First Amendment, 2020 U. Chi. L. For. 209 (2020). |
Powerful Speakers and Their Listeners, 90 University of Colorado Law Review 441 (2019). |
Pregnancy and the First Amendment, 87 Fordham L. Rev. 2417 (2019). |
(At Least) Thirteen Ways of Looking at Election Lies, 71 Okla. L. Rev. 117 (2018). |
Norton (with Toni Massaro & Margot E. Kaminski), Siri-ously 2.0: What Free Speech Rights for Artificial Intelligence Reveal About the First Amendment, 101 Minnesota Law Review 2481 (2017). |
Government Speech and the War on Terror, 86 FORDHAM L. REV. 543 (2017). |
Siri-ously? Free Speech Rights for Artificial Intelligence, 110 NW. U. L. REV. (2016) (with Toni M. Massaro). |
Truth and Lies in the Workplace: Employer Speech and the First Amendment, 101 MINN. L. REV. (2016). |
The Government's Lies and the Constitution, 91 IND. L.J. 73 (2015). |
Government Speech and Political Courage, 68 STAN. L. REV. ONLINE 61 (2015). |
Setting the Tipping Point For Disclosing The Identity of Anonymous Online Speakers: Lessons from Other Disclosure Contexts, 49 WAKE FOREST L. REV. 565 (2014). |
Lies and the Constitution, 2012 SUPREME CT. REVIEW 161 (2013). |
Secrets, Lies, and Disclosures, 27 JOURNAL OF LAW AND POLITICS 641 (2012). |
The Equal Implications of Government's Hateful Speech, 54 WM. & MARY L. REV. 159 (2012). |
Campaign Speech Law With a Twist: When Government is the Speaker, Not the Regulator, 61 EMORY L.J. 209 (2011). |
Intermediaries and Hate Speech: Fostering Digital Citizenship for the Information Age, 91 BOSTON U. L. REV. 1435 (2011) (with Danielle Keats Citron). |
The Supreme Court's Post-Racial Turn Towards a Zero-Sum Understanding of Equality, 52 WM. & MARY L. REV. 197 (2010). |
Government Speech 2.0., 87 DENV. U. L. REV. 899 (2010) (with Danielle Keats Citron). |
Constraining Public Employee Speech: Government's Control of Its Workers' Speech to Protect Its Own Expression, 59 DUKE L.J. 1 (2009). |
The Measure of Government Speech: Identifying Expression's Source, 88 BOSTON U. L. REV. 587 (2008). |
Re-Shaping Federal Jurisdiction: Congress' Latest Challenge to Judicial Review, 41 Wake Forest L. Rev. 1003 (2006). |
Stepping Through Grutter's Open Doors: What the University of Michigan Affirmative Action Cases Mean for Race-Conscious Government Decisionmaking, 78 Temple L. Rev. 543 (2005). |
Not for Attribution: Government's Interest in Protecting the Integrity of Its Own Expression, 37 U.C. Davis L. Rev. 1317 (2004). |
You Can't Ask (or Say) That: The First Amendment Implications of Civil Rights Restrictions on Decisionmaker Speech, 11 William & Mary Bill of Rights. J. 727 (2003). |
What Bush v. Gore Means for Elections in the 21st Century, 2 Wyoming L. Rev. 419 (2002). |
Book Chapters
Norton (with Toni M. Massaro), Artificial Intelligence and the First Amendment, in Research Handbook on the Law of Artificial Intelligence 353 (Woodrow Barfield ed., Edward Elgar 2018). |
What's New is Old Again (And Vice Versa), in Ronald Collins & David Skover, ROBOTICA: SPEECH RIGHTS AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (Cambridge University Press 2018). |
Lies To Manipulate, Misappropriate, and Acquire Government Power, in Austin D. Sarat, ed., LAW AND LIES: DECEPTION AND TRUTH-TELLING IN THE AMERICAN LEGAL SYSTEM (Cambridge University Press 2015). |
Congressional Testimony
Federal Antidiscrimination Law Implications of Excluding Currently Unemployed Workers from Consideration for Job Opportunities, Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (2011). |
The Protecting Older Workers Against Discrimination Act: Hearing on H.R. 3721 Before the Subcomm. on the Constitution, Civil Rights, and Civil Liberties of the H. Comm. on the Judiciary, 111th Cong. (2010). |
The Protecting Older Workers Against Discrimination Act: Hearing on S. 1756 Before the S. Comm. on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions, 111th Cong. (2010). |
Employment Non-Discrimination Act: Ensuring Opportunity for All Americans: Hearing Before the S. Comm. On Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions, 111th Cong. (2009). |
Protecting American Employees from Workplace Discrimination: Hearing on H.R. 1431 Before H. Subcomm. on Health, Employment, Labor and Pensions of the H. Comm. on Education and Labor, 110th Cong. (2008). |
Civil Rights Division Oversight: Hearing Before S. Comm. on the Judiciary, 110th Cong. (2007). |
Selected Press, Media & Publicity
Truth and Lies in the Workplace: Employer Speech and the First Amendment | Social Science Research Network | Friday, February 26, 2016 |
Florida Rules Prohibiting Uncertified Lawyers from Advertising as Specialists are Struck Down | ABA Journal | Monday, February 1, 2016 |
Could Computers Have First Amendment Rights? | The Wall Street Journal Law Blog | Wednesday, November 18, 2015 |
GOVERNMENT SPEECH AND POLITICAL COURAGE | Stanford Law Review | Friday, October 30, 2015 |
Massaro & Norton on Communicative Artificial Intelligence & the First Amendment | Legal Theory Blog | Monday, August 17, 2015 |
Expand harassment laws to protect victims of online abuse | Aljazeera America | Saturday, March 21, 2015 |
Tennessee Town Bans Negative Online Comments, Gets Trolled by Reddit | Bloomberg Businessweek.com | Wednesday, December 17, 2014 |
The Unemployed Need Not Apply | The New York Times | Saturday, February 19, 2011 |
Courses:
Fall 2023 | First Amendment | LAWS 7015-801 |
Spring 2023 | Constitutional Law | LAWS 6005-802 |
Fall 2022 | Torts | LAWS 5425-801 |
Fall 2022 | First Amendment | LAWS 7015-801 |
Spring 2022 | Constitutional Law | LAWS 6005-802 |
Spring 2021 | Constitutional Law | LAWS 6005-802 |
Spring 2021 | First Amendment | LAWS 7015-801 |
Fall 2020 | Seminar: Speech, Religion, and Equality: Constitutional Values in Tension | LAWS 8035-801 |
Spring 2020 | Constitutional Law | LAWS 6005-803 |
Spring 2020 | First Amendment | LAWS 7015-801 |
Fall 2019 | Seminar: Speech, Religion, and Equality: Constitutional Values in Tension | LAWS 8035-801 |
Spring 2019 | Constitutional Law | LAWS 6005-802 |
Spring 2019 | First Amendment | LAWS 7015-801 |
Spring 2018 | Constitutional Law | LAWS 6005-802 |
Fall 2017 | Torts | LAWS 5425-802 |
Fall 2017 | First Amendment | LAWS 7015-801 |
Spring 2017 | Constitutional Law | LAWS 6005-804 |
Fall 2016 | Legislation and Regulation | LAWS 5205-802 |
Fall 2016 | Legislation and Regulation | LAWS 5205-905 |
Fall 2016 | Seminar: Speech, Religion, and Equality: Constitutional Values in Tension | LAWS 8035-001 |
Spring 2016 | Constitutional Law | LAWS 6005-802 |
Spring 2016 | First Amendment | LAWS 7015-001 |
Fall 2015 | Problem Solving, Professional Judgment, and Decision Making | LAWS 6813-001 |
Spring 2014 | Constitutional Law | LAWS 6005-801 |
Fall 2013 | Seminar: Speech, Religion, and Equality: Constitutional Values in Tension | LAWS 8035-001 |
Spring 2013 | Constitutional Law | LAWS 6005-803 |
Fall 2012 | Legislation and Regulation | LAWS 5205-802 |
Fall 2012 | Torts | LAWS 5425-803 |